Incidence, risk factors, clinical and microbiological characteristics of clostridium difficile associated diarrhea in spanish critically ill patients (procrid study)

Materials Multicenter, prospective, observational study from February 3 to April 3, 2014. We included all adult critically ill patients of 26 CCUs of Spain who had diarrhea. All feces samples were sent to the reference laboratory and we considered CDI when cytotoxicity in cell culture or toxigenic culture were positive. The ribotypes were determined by PCR. Incidence of CDI, clinical characteristics, possible risk factors and ribotypes were studied. For the bivariate analysis, the Chi-square test was used for qualitative variables and Student t-test or Mann Whitney U for quantitative. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression to identify factors independently associated with the development of CDI.